Carbohydrate chemistry
Saccharide, namely carbohydrates, is the largest number in nature and the most widely distributed important natural products. As the structure and chemical properties of polysaccharide synthesis of carbohydrates research, Carbohydrate chemistry is one of the most challenging and dynamic field of study. In recent years, various properties of carbohydrates were more researchers found that, especially in the field of medicine, carbohydrates and case for pharmacological treatment of diseases are increasingly being raised. Therefore, the synthesis of new ways to explore the carbohydrate derivatives, synthesis of new derivatives of sugars and study its biological activity, to explore its role in the life course, the development of new drugs carbohydrate, is the core of the BSAZ's research .
The characteristics of carbohydrate drugs are decided by its presence in the organism, physicochemical properties and biological functions. Basic characteristics of carbohydrates include: from the hydrophilic, dissolved in water, there in the cells in the periphery of the water phase; or connected with biological macromolecules formed decorated glucose complexes, such as glycolipids and glycoproteins, and play an important role in biological function; usually as the carrier of biological information.
The most important characteristics of carbohydrate drugs is that most of them are acting on the cell surface, due to oligosaccharides or glycoconjugates are mainly distributed on the cell surface, involved in the interaction between cells and cells, cells and active molecules (such as widespread cell-cell recognition、cell differentiation and interactions between cells and external); this interaction is often the first step in a series of physiological and pathological processes, if this first step is blocked, the physiological and pathological processes cannot be followed（For example, tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens TN, T, TF, STN become the biological basis of tumor-associated carbohydrate vaccine research; tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen as a tumor mark material has been used in clinical diagnosis of tumor）.
Carbohydrate drugs have fewer side effects on the cell and the whole organism than the drugs which would enter into the cytoplasm and nucleus of cell, because its action sites are on the surface of the cell. Therefore carbohydrates can not only drugs as treatment for the disease, but also as a kind of health care medicine and health food for development.
According to the biological mechanism, carbohydrate drugs can be divided into 5 types.1.anti adhesion drugs; 2.opsonization drug；3.carbohydrate inhibitor. 4.sugar related enzyme deficiency, 5.sugar recognition based targeted drug carriers.We choose research polysaccharides extracting from fungi because These drugs mainly include a large number of polysaccharides, antibodies recognized polysaccharides and lectin like proteins, which are involved in the regulation of the immune system. The polysaccharides obtained almost have immunity enhancing effect from many plants and fungi at present, research on its mechanism has become a hotspot in immunology research half. Concanavalin A (Con A), plant lectins (PHA) are promoting lymphocyte mitogens; oligosaccharides can regulate the body's emblem environment, such as some oligosaccharides in milk, can Induces a number of probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.
"Only obedience to nature, to harness the natural. One false step will make a great difference." we believe the scientific and efficient utilization of fungi polysaccharide will be the main trend in the future，it is worthy of nature‘s gifts that we would maximize the use of fungal polysaccharides such a valuable resource.But this must be based on the premise that“With science as the foundation, with innovation as the wings”，Only if we really understand it accurately, we can find the best way of scientific and efficient use of the fungi polysaccharide.
